July 16, 2025: The Water Cost of Electricity on the Susquehanna River

May 15, 2025: Data Centers and Nuclear Power on the Susquehanna River: More Questions than Answers

Sep 29, 2024: The case against restarting Three Mile Island’s Unit-1


Radioactive: The Women of Three Mile Island

Did you catch "The Meltdown: Three Mile Island" on Netflix?
TMI remains a danger and TMIA is working hard to ensure the safety of our communities and the surrounding areas.
Learn more on this site and support our efforts. Join TMIA. To contact the TMIA office, call 717-233-7897.

    

SUN DAY CAMPAIGN     

(a campaign for a sustainable energy future)          
8606 Greenwood Avenue, #2; Takoma Park, MD 20912--6656      
301-588-4741
sun-day-campaign@hotmail.com 
         

       
      
January 3, 2026       
       
To:  Members, SUN DAY Campaign       
       
From: Ken Bossong       
       
Attached as a word document please find a compilation of news story "excerpts" issued by the SUN DAY Campaign between October 1 and December 31, 2025.       
       
These "excerpts" were sent earlier to you in the mailings that were usually distributed at the end of each week. They provide short reviews of new reports and studies on sustainable energy and climate change issues.       
     
Approximately 300 news story "excerpts" are provided in the 69-page compilation.       
       
They are listed in chronological order within each of 10 different categories (e.g., solar, wind, climate change).       
       
You may find this information of use if you are preparing any reports, news releases, testimony, letters-to-the-editor, etc.       
       
 
NOTE: A similar set of news story “excerpts” for the first quarter of 2026 may be sent to you sometime in early April 2026. 
 
Hello community!
 
We hope you all are staying warm and cozy and that you have been enjoying the winter holiday season in your own ways. So far, so good, here at headquarters but, as a reminder, DTE has Michigan ranking as the second worst state in the country for recovering from power outages. We are expecting a very precipitous winter this season so make sure you are prepared before a potential emergency. Here is a list of tips for what to do before, during, and after a winter outage.
 
2026 marks the 12th year of our newsletters! As always, a big thank you to our elder Grandmother Jessie for her unyielding watchdogging as she writes our monthly newsletter and monitors Fermi 2. Check it out for updates on the power plant, news both local and national on the nuclear front, and educational resources!
The Christmas That Created CRAFT
 
This past Christmas marked the 32nd anniversary of the accident that sparked the formation of CRAFT. The Christmas Day 1993 incident at Fermi 2resulted in radioactive release due to damage to one of the main turbines. This subsequently dumped 1.5 million gallons of untreated toxic, radioactive water into Lake Erie. As a tiny powerhouse of concerned citizens, we were active until 2001 when key members left the area. The Fukushima accident in 2011 brought the danger of the Mark 1 nuclear reactors back to the forefront and, after much soul-searching on the part of our elders, the decision to revive CRAFT was made. In 2012, several original members of CRAFT held a meeting to revive Citizens’ Resistance at Fermi 2 to raise awareness of DTE’s need to phase out their nuclear reactor and replace it with sustainable energy.
 
And, we’ve been at it ever since! Thank you all, both long-standing allies and new friends, for continuing to support us from near and far.
 
Saline Marine Brings the Fight to DTE’s Data Center
 
The miasma of the artificial intelligence industry continues to lurk around every corner, and the current heads of the hydra are popping up with proposed plans for data centers across Michigan. In the case of Saline Township, one resident has taken a stand by filing against the data center threatening to be built next to her farm. Kathryn Haushalter, a US marine, is charging the Township with cutting deals with Related Digital, the company behind this particular data center. The Open Meetings Act prohibits the signing of deals behind closed doors, and she is taking them to task. State government seems split over the issue as Governor Gretchen Whitmer has been supporting data centers as she rubs elbows with DTE, while Attorney General Dana Nessel has been an ongoing opponent of the infamously sketchy energy company. Stay tuned for further updates!
Net Zero Without Nuclear
 
As data companies keep pushing AI and the consequent need for nuclear power to fuel their data centers, we would like to share information that Beyond Nuclear has compiled to dispel one of the myths of the industry: nuclear energy can help us achieve Net Zero. Net Zero is the point at which global greenhouse emissions are balanced by the removal of emissions from the atmosphere, aka we are removing an equal amount of pollution that we are putting out. A major myth about the nuclear industry is that it is carbon-neutral and is a source of “green energy”. This is wildly inaccurate and the nuclear fuel chain in its entirety is a massive environmental threat. Uranium mining destroys the land and exposes the environment and all local life to toxic radiation. Transportation of fuel and waste is always at risk of accidents and potential attacks. While energy companies may cite carbon neutrality at the power plants, many other facets of the fuel chain are active carbon emitters (see: mining equipment and transport vehicles). A Net Zero future is not radioactive. Do not fall for nuclear propaganda.
CRAFT January 2026 Newsletter & Insert
 
Thanks for supporting us and a safer world powered by renewables.
We’re in this together!
 
Peace and Safety,
 
The CRAFT Team
Donate to Support

Citizen's Resistance At Fermi Two (CRAFT) is an Indigenous-led, grassroots, organization, committed to an accessible, fair, and just energy future for all! CRAFT originally formed after the Christmas Day 1993 incident at the Fermi2 nuclear reactor that dumped 1.5 million gallons of untreated toxic, radioactive water into Lake Erie. We will continue to push for the closing of Fermi2, and for a safer world powered by renewables.


These 15 Coal Plants Would Have Retired. Then Came AI and Trump.

Posted on  by 

By Joe Fassler, a writer and journalist whose work on climate and technology appears in outlets like The Guardian, The New York Times, and Wired. His novel, The Sky Was Ours, was published by Penguin Books. Cross posted from DeSmog.

 

Since the second Trump administration took power in January, at least 15 coal plants have had planned retirements pushed back or delayed indefinitely, a DeSmog analysis found.

That’s mostly due to an expected rise in electricity demand, a surge largely driven by the rise of high-powered data centers needed to train and run artificial intelligence (AI) models. But some of the plants have been ordered to stay open by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), despite significant environmental and financial costs. Energy Secretary Chris Wright, a former fracking executive, has frequently cited “winning the AI race” as a rationale for re-investing in coal.

The fossil fuel facilities are located in regions across the country, from Maryland to Michigan and Georgia to Wyoming. Together, their two dozen coal-fired generators emitted more than 68 million tons of carbon dioxide in 2024. That’s more than the total emissions of Delaware, Maryland, and Washington, D.C. combined.

Nearly 75 percent of the coal plants were on track to shutter in the next two years.

The delays buck the overall trend in the U.S., where coal’s importance as an energy source has diminished rapidly over the past two decades. Coal’s critics say this broad-based phaseout is an urgent matter of public and environmental health. Often called the “dirtiest fossil fuel,” coal creates more climate emissions per gigawatt-hour of electricity than any other power source. And the human impacts of its pollution have been profound: A 2023 study in Science attributed 460,000 extra U.S. deaths between 1999 and 2020 to sulfur dioxide particulate pollution belched out by coal plants.

Cara Fogler, managing senior analyst for the Sierra Club, called the recent spate of delayed closures “unacceptable.”

“We know these coal plants are dirty, they’re uneconomic, they’re costing customers so much money, and they’re polluting the air,” said Fogler, who co-authored a report showing many utilities have backtracked on climate commitments, including coal phaseouts, often citing data centers as a cause. “They need to be planned for retirement, and it’s really concerning to see utilities becoming so much more hesitant to take those steps.”

DeSmog identified the 15 plants by examining changes to the planned retirement dates listed by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), a DOE agency that compiles data on energy providers, as well as public statements from utilities and the Trump administration. Some of the voluntary delays appear to directly contradict previous net-zero pledges made by several companies.

Neither the Department of Energy nor American Power, a trade association representing the U.S. coal fleet, responded to requests for comment.

What Led to Coal’s Decline?

Not long ago, coal really did keep the lights on. In 2005, it provided roughly half of America’s electricity, making it by far the dominant power source nationwide. But in the past two decades, coal’s market share has rapidly waned. No new coal plants have come online since 2013. These days, its footprint has dwindled, with just 16 percent of the overall energy mix.

In March 2017,  President Trump appeared to blame environmental regulations for coal’s poor fortunes — a trend he promised to reverse.

“The miners told me about the attacks on their jobs and their livelihoods,” Trump said at U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) headquarters. “I made them this promise … My administration is putting an end to the war on coal.”

But environmental regulations didn’t kill coal. Instead, its demise became inevitable mostly thanks to the rise of a competing fossil fuel: natural gas.

Gas has both economic and technological advantages over coal, said David Lindequist, an economist at Miami University who co-authored a recent paper on the environmental impacts of the shale gas boom.

As new fracking technologies helped to flood the U.S. market with cheap gas in the mid-2000s, utilities began a broad coal-to-gas pivot that’s still underway today. Abundant, often less expensive gas flowed into power plants that operate more efficiently and nimbly than coal plants. This combination of price, efficiency, and flexibility made ditching coal an easy calculation for many utilities.

“The fact that we were able to so successfully phase out coal in the U.S. would never have happened without the fracking boom,” Lindequist said.

Today, coal is at an even greater disadvantage, as renewable energies continue to make economic and technological inroads. The International Renewable Energy Agency found that, in 2024, solar and wind routinely delivered electricity more cheaply than fossil sources of energy. That dynamic has helped solar in particular become the fastest-growing source of power in the U.S.

Meanwhile, America’s newest coal plant — the Sandy Creek plant near Waco, Texas, built way back in 2013 — is currently sitting idle after another catastrophic failure. It isn’t set to resume operations until 2027. The average U.S. coal plant is more than 40 years old, a factor that’s contributed to their decreasing reliability.

“These [coal] plants are so old that at this point there’s very little that could really revive the fleet,” said Michelle Solomon, manager in the electricity program at the nonpartisan think tank Energy Innovation. “I’ve been using the analogy of an old car: Nothing is going to bring my car that has 200,000 miles on it back to being a brand new, efficient car.”

During the Biden years, as technological advancements and historic subsidies made renewables even more attractive, observers broadly believed that coal’s days were numbered. The “writing was on the wall” for coal, Lindequist said.

“Coal may retain a grip in U.S. politics, but its actual role in the generation system is shrinking annually,” researchers for the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis wrote in a 2024 report. “It is a trend we believe is irreversible.”

Yet even before Biden left office, a new dynamic began emerging: As tech companies started proposing billions in data center build-outs to feed the AI frenzy, utilities started to take a fresh look at their coal plants.

Data Centers Changed Coal’s Trajectory 

In 2020, Dominion Energy, a utility that provides electricity to millions of customers across Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, announced non-binding plans to retire the Clover Power Station by 2025. Running the plant — an 877 megawatt (MW) coal-fired facility near Randolph, Virginia — would be uneconomical under any future scenario, the company found. It just didn’t make financial sense to keep it going.

It reversed course just three years later. Under its 2023 plan, Dominion projected that its energy demand from data centers would nearly quadruple by 2038. That’s an astonishing rise, considering that Virginia already leads the U.S. in data center development by a wide margin. Known as Data Center Alley, the state is home to more than one-third of the world’s largest-scale data centers. Today, Dominion says it doesn’t anticipate retiring any of its existing coal plants — including Clover — until at least 2045, the year that Virginia law stipulates its economy must be carbon-free.

Dominion wasn’t the only utility to cite data center growth as it backtracked on coal. In an August 2024 earnings call, executives of the Wisconsin-based utility Alliant Energy said that the company was “proactively working to attract” data center projects. A few months later, Alliant announced it would delay retiring the Columbia Energy Center, a coal-fired plant near Madison, from 2026 to 2029. The plant’s retirement had already been pushed back once.

Utilities have delayed the retirements of at least 15 U.S. coal plants since President Trump took office in January 2025. Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration. Credit: Joe Fassler/DeSmog

The trend became notable enough to attract the attention of analysts at Frontier Group, an environmental think tank. In January 2025, Frontier analyst Quentin Good published a white paper showing that utilities had already cited data center growth as a rationale for delaying the phaseout of seven fossil fuel power plants across the U.S.

“We were concerned about the potential for all of this new electricity demand from data centers to slow down the transition to clean energy,” he told DeSmog. “In that report, we discovered it was basically happening already.”

But two other dynamics also began playing out in January: AI hype started to reach new levels of intensity, and power changed hands in Washington.

AI Hype Highs, New Coal Lows 

Data centers aren’t the only reason for the recent upswing in electricity demand. Building electrification, industrial growth, and increased electric vehicle ownership all play roles, too. But nothing has quite caught utilities’ attention like data center projects, which are cropping up with highly localized impacts across the U.S. at a historic rate. Filled with stacks of high-powered computing equipment, the facilities are projected to account for about half of new electricity growth between 2025 and 2030.

On January 21, 2025 — one day after President Trump’s second inauguration — he revealed a new AI infrastructure joint venture involving ChatGPT parent company OpenAI called the Stargate Project, which would spend up to $500 billion on data center build-outs in the next four years. Tech executives announced the initiative’s details alongside Trump during the unveiling at a White House event.

Days later, Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg said he planned to spend $65 billion on data center build-outs in 2025 alone, including one project “so large it would cover a significant portion of Manhattan.” These announcements followed a similar one from Microsoft in January: a pledge to spend $80 billion on data centers this calendar year.

As the world’s largest tech companies raced to outdo each other, a wave of delayed coal plant retirements followed.

On January 31, Southern Company, a utility serving over 9 million customers across 15 states, announced plans to delay the retirement of generators at two of the largest coal plants in the U.S., both in Georgia. The massive, coal-fired units — two at the Bowen Steam Plant outside Euharlee, and one at the Robert W. Scherer Power Plant in Juliette — had been scheduled to go offline between 2028 and 2035. Under its revised plan, the company pushed retirement back to as late as January 1, 2039(though both plants would be 40 percent co-fired with natural gas by 2030 in that scenario).

In legal documents and public statements, company spokespeople point to data centers as a key rationale for the delays. Last month, at an industry conference in Las Vegas, Southern Company CEO Chris Womack cited data center growth as a key factor keeping fossil energy online, according to the trade publication Data Center Dynamics.

“We’re going to extend coal plants as long as we can because we need those resources on the grid,” he reportedly said.

Next door in Mississippi, Southern Company also delayed the closure of a 500 MW generator at the Victor J. Daniel coal plant in Jackson County. It pushed the retirement back from 2028 until “the mid 2030s.” In documents filed with Mississippi’s Public Service Commission, the state’s utility regulator, Southern appeared to cite a 500 MW Compass Datacenters project as a reason for the change. Southern has pledged to be net-zero by 2050.

As the months passed, the same dynamic unfolded in other states. Alarmed, Good, the Frontier Group analyst, started to track the delays. By October, he published an update to Frontier’s report that found data centers had pushed back at least 12 coal plant closures in the past few years.

“The data center boom has shown no signs of abating,” he wrote. “Even more fossil fuel plants that had been scheduled to retire have been given a new lease on life.”

In its own analysis, DeSmog found that at least 15 coal plant retirements have been delayed since January 2025 alone. Together, those plants emitted nearly 1.5 percent of America’s total energy-related carbon dioxide emissions from 2024.

This comes at a time when the world’s nations need to cut their climate emissions roughly in half to avoid the worst impacts of global heating, according to a recent United Nations report.

But not all the delays can be attributed directly to data center growth. Some have stayed open for a different reason: top-down orders from the Trump administration.

The Department of Energy Steps in 

The J.H. Campbell Generating Plant, a 1.5 gigawatt coal plant in Ottawa County, Michigan, was scheduled to close May 31. The plant even held public tours to give a rare, behind-the-scenes look at aging fossil infrastructure, before it shut its doors for good.

“Now we know cleaner, renewable ways to generate electricity,” a Campbell employee told members of the public on a September 2024 tour.

But just eight days before scheduled to shutter, Department of Energy Secretary Chris Wright ordered Campbell to stay open another 90 days, citing an “emergency” shortage of energy in the Midwest.

Keeping the plant open cost its owner, Consumers Energy, almost $30 million in just five weeks, the company said. Though the plant’s closure was projected to save ratepayers more than $650 million by 2050, Campbell was costing more than $615,000 a day as of September. Yet Wright has since extended his order twice. Campbell now is scheduled to stay open until at least February 2026.

“The costs to operate the Campbell plant will be shared by customers across the Midwest electric grid region,” including customers serviced by other utilities, Matt Johnson, a Consumers Energy spokesperson told DeSmog by email.

Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel is challenging DOE’s order to keep Campbell open, calling the orders “arbitrary.”

“DOE is using outdated information to fabricate an emergency, despite the fact that the truth is publicly available for everyone to see,” Nessel said in a November 20 press release. “DOE must end its unlawful tactics to keep this coal plant running when it has already cost millions upon millions of dollars.”

Meanwhile, DOE is telling a very different story.

“Beautiful, clean coal will be essential to powering America’s reindustrialization and winning the AI race,” Wright said in September, as the Department of Energy announced $350 million in funding for coal plant upgrades, along with other incentives.

Energy Innovation’s Solomon called the funding “a waste of taxpayer dollars.”

“We’ve been calling it a ‘cash for clunkers’ program where you don’t trade in the clunker,” she said. “Trying to build a modern electricity system using the most expensive and least reliable source of power is really not the answer.”

However, the Trump administration said in September that it plans to feed the AI boom — with an estimated 100 gigawatts of capacity in the next five years — by keeping more old coal plants open. “I would say the majority of that coal capacity will stay online,” Wright said.

Executives from Colorado’s Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association confirmed to DeSmog that they also expect an order to keep a 421 MW coal-fired generator at Craig Station open past its December 2025 decommissioning date.

In late October, Colorado Congressman Jeff Hurd sent a letter to the Trump administration, urging it to extend the life of a 400 MW coal generator at the Comanche Power Station near Pueblo as the owner, Xcel Energy, works to repair the plant’s chronically troubled main reactor. The smaller unit was slated to go offline in December — but, in its case, the administration never needed to act. Last month, Xcel, with the help of Colorado Governor Jared Polis, began to lobby to keep it open at least another 12 months. The state utility regulator appears to have granted that request, according to an agreement with Xcel and other stakeholders.

This delay wasn’t just due to data centers, though their numbers are growing in Colorado. Xcel spokesperson Michelle Aguayo said the delay was “due to a convergence of issues,” including rising electricity demand, “supply chain challenges,” and the continued outage at the main generator. “We continue to make significant progress towards our emission reduction goals approved by the state which would require us to retire our coal units by 2030,” she said.

Delaying the Inevitable

Whether the data center boom will play out as projected is still a matter of speculation.

Last month, power consulting firm Grid Strategies reported that utilities may be overestimating electricity demand from data centers by as much as 40 percent. That’s due in part to the many hypothetical projects, and a widespread practice of double- and triple-counting. Tech companies tend to pitch utilities in multiple regions as they shop around for incentives, creating the appearance of demand from many more data hubs than actually will be built.

Experts have a name for this growing phenomenon: “phantom data centers.”

At the same time, a growing chorus of critics are warning of an AI bubble, arguing that runaway costs can’t justify the kinds of investment being floated. Even the head of Google’s parent company has acknowledged the “irrationality” of the boom.

Critics also say contradictory actions taken by the Trump administration — citing an “energy emergency” while canceling billions in funding for renewable projects — are making the problem worse.

Yet even with all the unknowns, one thing’s certain: Coal’s role in America’s power push can be extended, but it can’t last forever.

Seth Feaster, an IEEFA analyst, says even AI hasn’t changed the big picture: Eventually, coal will die, and it will be killed by other, cheaper forms of energy.

He called the current phenomenon a “period of pause and delay.” In his view, the technological and economic rationales for quitting coal remain undeniable.

“The policy changes here may have a delaying effect on the decline of coal, but they are certainly not changing the direction of coal’s future,” he told DeSmog.

The questions for now are, how long the delays will continue — and at what cost.

 

Are Utah leaders’ energy ambitions going to nuke your walllet?

…And while Utah politicians are throwing press conferences with nuclear companies, the three-member Utah Public Service Commission has to decide if Rocky Mountain Power can even bring nuclear power to Utah.

Utah’s largest electrical utility asked the commission in October to approve a contract to bring in power from the Terra Power nuclear plant under construction in Wyoming. The plant will be a unique design intended to store nuclear-generated heat in molten salts so it can ramp up and down faster to integrate with fluctuating solar and wind power.
 
Under Utah law, Rocky Mountain [Power] has to find the “least cost/least risk” sources for power. The company says the Kemmerer [Terra Power] plant, which is still more than five years away from operation, will meet that requirement.

But there is no history to back that up, and Rocky Mountain needs Utah’s commitment soon to qualify for federal funds to finish the plant. The case already has attracted attorneys from Utah industries looking to protect their power costs.
 
SD Williams

Saturday morning (Dec.20, 2025) there were hundreds of dead lobsters washed up on the beaches between Trestles Beach in San Clemente and San Onofre Beach near the San Onofre Nuclear Power Plant (SONGS).   Below are some photos.  

 
R.Johnson
 
 
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No one knows what caused this but it could be a result of the recent release of low-level radioactive effluents from the nuclear power plant.  This batch release started on Dec. 11.  See below for a summary of the thousands of radioactive ocean releases San Onofre has conducted in the last 58 years plus atmospheric discharges that blow inland over cities in Southern California.  Below is the official posting of the recent release by Southern California Edison. (https://www.songscommunity.com/stewardship/environmental-monitoring-around-san-onofre/liquid-batch-releases)
 

Release Notification

Notice Date: December 9, 2025

Est. Start Date: December 11, 2025

Volume: 37,802 gallons

Duration: 7 hours
At the San Onofre Nuclear Power Plant in the decade between 2005 and 2014 there were 1284 low-level radioactive liquid releases and 389 hours of radioactive gaseous releases. During the plant operation for almost two-thirds of a  century the releases were sometimes done daily.  If the releases between 2005 and 2014 (just before and after the plant ceased operating) were averaged over the 58 years of operation that would be 8,958 total radioactive releases into the atmosphere and ocean.  The radioactive liquid releases are pumped out into the ocean off San Onofre beach through pipes 18 feet in diameter at rates up to a million gallons/minute.  Gaseous releases are blown into prevailing winds continuously for sometimes over 1-2 days after which prevailing westerly winds blow them inland over southern California cities.  Research in Europe has reported cancer effects for people living near nuclear power plants but the US government has done no research on this since 1991.  The nuclear industry continues to block research proposed by the National Academy of Sciences on possible cancer effects in the 50 km radius around San Onofre. 
 
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SCE 2022 report:  
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2212/ML22122A040.pdf

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Nuclear Regulatory Commission - News Release
No: III-25-026 December 19, 2025
Contact: Viktoria Mitlyng, 630-829-9662 Prema Chandrathil, 630-829-9663

NRC Proposes $72,000 Civil Penalty Against Missouri-based Company

 
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has proposed a $72,000 civil penalty against Curium US LLC, based in St Louis, Missouri.
 
NRC identified six violations of NRC requirements during inspections after two employees received occupational doses above NRC limits for nuclear workers at the company’s Noblesville, Indiana facility, which produces radiopharmaceuticals. The violations involved failures related to occupational doses, radioactive waste management procedures, surveys of radiation levels and potential radiological hazards, proper labeling of NRC-licensed material and annual audits. The proposed violations were documented in a September inspection report.
 
There was no impact on public health as a result of the incident or the underlying violations.
 
The NRC issued the enforcement action after reviewing the circumstances surrounding the proposed violations and considering the investigative efforts and extensive corrective actions the company has taken or plans to take to restore and maintain compliance with NRC requirements.
 
The company has 30 days to pay the fine, dispute it, or request involvement from a neutral third-party.
 
 
The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission was created as an expert, technical agency to protect public health, safety, and security, and regulate the civilian use of nuclear materials, including enabling the deployment of nuclear power for the benefit of society. Among other responsibilities, the agency issues licenses, conducts inspections, initiates and enforces regulations, and plans for incident response. The global gold standard for nuclear regulation, the NRC is collaborating with interagency partners to implement reforms outlined in new Executive Orders and the ADVANCE Act to streamline agency activities and enhance efficiency.
 
 
Gavin Newsom saved California’s last nuclear plant. 
But do we really need it?
 
Diablo Canyon, California’s last remaining nuclear power plant, was supposed to close by 2025, until Gavin Newsom abruptly changed course.
 
By John Emshwiller  Dec 15, 2025  SFChronicle

 

Diablo Canyon, California’s last nuclear power plant, was supposed to be closed by now.
In 2016, owner Pacific Gas & Electric reached an agreement with environmentalists and others to shutter the plant by August 2025, turning off the 40-year-old facility’s two domed reactors, marvels of 20th century technology that can power hundreds of thousands of homes. Top state officials, including then Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, supported the deal, deeming Diablo Canyon unnecessary and uneconomical as state energy policy increasingly focused on renewables such as solar and wind power.
But suddenly in 2022, Newsom changed course. Now governor, he put his weight behind Senate Bill 846, a law that extended Diablo Canyon’s operating life until 2030. To help keep the plant running, he supplied nearly $1.4 billion in state funds, which officials hoped would be paid back by Biden-era federal subsidies. And for the first time, public utility rate-payers around the state would join those in PG&E’s territory in paying hundreds of millions of dollars a year to run Diablo Canyon.
What caused this giant U-turn?
 
Newsom said a changed electricity supply-and-demand picture meant Diablo Canyon was needed to avoid blackouts. “In 2022, the Governor recognized the urgent need to extend operations of the Diablo Canyon Power Plant to maintain safe, reliable and affordable electricity,” Newsom’s office said in a statement to the Chronicle.
 
A Chronicle investigation, though, found that a well-organized, well-financed campaign had pushed to extend the nuclear plant’s life. It involved top marketing, lobbying and research firms, some with extensive ties in Sacramento politics. The effort included an unlikely coalition of tech officials, academics, a former PG&E executive and a Brazilian fashion model turned online nuclear influencer. 
Meanwhile, the need for Diablo Canyon wasn’t as clear-cut as the governor portrayed. Some state energy forecasts, both before and after passage of SB 846, projected adequate supplies without the nuclear plant. Data from a report this August showed a large electricity surplus even without Diablo Canyon. And a federal subsidy is projected to pay back only part of the $1.4 billion advance to PG&E — leaving the state with a possible shortfall of almost $600 million.  
 
State officials say the nuclear plant is still needed to ensure power during extreme heat events that are outside official planning standards. But critics say Newsom, who is widely expected to seek the Democratic presidential nomination in 2028, made a political calculation in foisting an unneeded and costly plant onto the public as insurance against fury-inducing and expensive power outages — even limited ones — in the years ahead.
 
“The rewards were huge and the cost to him was low,” said Matthew Freedman, a staff attorney for The Utility Reform Network, a non-profit consumer-advocacy group actively involved in state ratemaking proceedings. “The cost is paid by ratepayers.”
The main beneficiary, critics argue, was PG&E, which was a major contributor to Newsom’s 2018 gubernatorial campaign. Through SB 846, PG&E gets a $100 million-plus annual fee for managing Diablo Canyon. It also stands to receive over $250 million a year in other fees that could be used for the plant or activities ranging from electrical grid improvements to public communications efforts. And ratepayers also had to fund a new $300 million account to buy replacement power if Diablo Canyon went down because PG&E failed to adequately manage the plant. (Previously, PG&E would have faced paying for such costs.) 
Any inference that politics or PG&E’s campaign support influenced the governor is “sloppy and inaccurate reporting,” said a statement from Newsom’s office. “Diablo Canyon remained online because of only one reason: the real, documented threats to our state’s grid reliability.”
In reply to questions, PG&E said it simply responded in 2022 to a state request to extend Diablo Canyon operations. 
The plant’s reprieve was something more: an early sign of a broader revival of interest in nuclear power, even in left-leaning states. In June, New York Gov. Kathy Hochul directed state power officials to begin work on a new nuclear plant, the first in a generation. Tech giants such as Google, Meta and Microsoft have made deals for power from nuclear plants to meet the growing electricity needs for artificial intelligence work. By 2040, California’s peak power demand is forecast to increase by about 30% compared with current record peak demand, due in part to AI computing needs.
Now, nuclear plants like Diablo Canyon, recently written off by many as relics, are once again being pitched as the future. Already, PG&E is raising the prospect of keeping Diablo Canyon running past 2030 and is taking steps that, with the state’s permission, could allow it to operate until 2045. 
 
‘An iconic plant’
Diablo Canyon is situated roughly between Los Angeles and San Francisco on a dramatic coastal perch with ready access to ocean water to cool its reactors and related systems. When construction began in the 1960s, government planners envisioned hundreds of nuclear plants supplying the country with cheap and abundant electricity. But soaring construction costs as well as high-profile accidents such as Three Mile Island, Chernobyl and Fukushima dimmed the atom’s prospects.
As did the rise of a dedicated anti-nuclear movement with Diablo Canyon an early target. Protests attracted tens of thousands of demonstrators and resulted in hundreds of arrests. One big concern was earthquake faults, which were only discovered near the plant after construction started. Critics say quakes there could cause dangerous radiation leaks. But PG&E says it has taken adequate safety measures to handle natural disasters, such as earthquakes and tsunamis and federal regulators have agreed.
 
Left: Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant protesters use ladders to climb over fences in 1978.(Terry Schmitt, The Chronicle) Right: Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant protesters in 1981.(Gary Fong, The Chronicle)
 
 
Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant protests organized by Abalone Alliance, a group that formed to oppose the project, in 1981. The plant has long been a symbol of resistance to nuclear power.
 
By 2016, Diablo Canyon, then responsible for roughly 6% of the electricity generated in California, capable of producing over 2,200 megawatts of power, was the state’s last nuclear plant. And its future was uncertain.
 
A state commission including then-Lt. Gov. Newsom was considering whether to renew crucial land leases for the plant. State officials were concerned about the plant’s effect, absent expensive cooling-system modifications, on local marine life from using the ocean water. Without the land leases, the plant faced closure by 2018. 
So PG&E started talking with environmental groups and others. And in June 2016, the parties announced a deal.
PG&E agreed to close the reactors when their original federal operating licenses expired, in 2024 for unit 1 and 2025 for unit 2. In return, the environmental groups agreed to support extending the state land leases without the cooling-system modifications. There would be enough time in the years before closing to bring on renewable resources to make up for the loss of Diablo Canyon, deal advocates said.
 
“California’s energy landscape is changing dramatically with energy efficiency, renewables and (battery) storage being central to the state’s energy policy,” said then-PG&E Chief Executive Officer Tony Earley. “As we make this transition, Diablo Canyon’s full output will no longer be required.”
All in all, “PG&E’s analysis projects that it would be more expensive from a customer perspective to continue to operate” the nuclear plant, the company said in a filing with the California Public Utilities Commission.
Newsom and other state officials endorsed the closure deal. In a sense, the nuclear opponents had finally won.
Newsom’s Reversal on Diablo Canyon Power Plant
Gov. Gavin Newsom reversed his earlier stance on shutting down Diablo Canyon and pushed to keep California’s last nuclear plant running until 2030, relying on shifting calculations that could leave Californians footing the bill.
 
“Diablo Canyon is an iconic plant. The first great anti-nuclear demonstrations occurred there,” said Ralph Cavanagh, who took part in the negotiations for the Natural Resources Defense Council, a longtime critic of the nuclear industry. “If you want to make a splash, have the greatest impact, it would be at Diablo Canyon.”
Pro-nuclear figures agreed. The planned closure “sent shock waves through America’s electric utility industry” and “presents a stark challenge to both the nuclear industry and policy-makers,” wrote Ray Rothrock and a co-author in a 2016 USA Today opinion piece.
Rothrock, a Bay Area venture capitalist with degrees in nuclear engineering, had already been working with other atomic power advocates to revive the industry. Though his initial Diablo Canyon complaints fell on deaf ears, he and his allies would be heard from again.
 
‘Unacceptable’ outages
In August 2020, a brutal heat wave hit California. Temperatures in Death Valley reached 130 degrees. The California Independent System Operator, or Cal ISO, which manages most of the state’s electricity grid, instituted two days of early-evening rolling blackouts. They affected over 800,000 customers for between eight minutes and two-and-a-half hours.
 
A follow-up state investigation partly blamed the outages on solar power output falling faster than demand as the sun set. The probe also cited grid-management problems. 
Newsom, now a year into his first term as governor, called the outages “unacceptable and unbefitting of the nation’s largest and most innovative state.” (He would later tell the L.A. Times that those 2020 blackouts got him rethinking Diablo Canyon’s future.)
Building an electricity-supply system is a balancing act. Too few power sources can lead to frequent blackouts. Too many can leave customers paying for expensive, idle equipment. California utilities already charge some of the highest electric rates in the nation. 
 
But California’s supply situation was changing fast. In June 2021, the CPUC authorized an additional 11,500 megawatts of power supply, about five times the output of Diablo Canyon. 
 
A September 2021 study by the staff of the California Energy Commission, or CEC, said that modelling showed a “reliable system” at projected power levels through 2026. A February 2022 CPUC document said the planned power portfolio “meets stringent reliability standards.”
 
All the while, battery storage was improving. That same month, the Cal ISO said 2,359 megawatts of battery storage had been added to the grid in 2021. Such storage, charged during the hours when electricity supplies are abundant, is a vital supplement to solar and wind power. 
 
This added capacity was 10 times the amount of battery storage available during the 2020 blackouts, though Cal ISO, in a written response, declined to speculate about whether the added storage could have averted the blackouts. (Currently, there are over 14,000 megawatts of installed battery capacity, according to Cal ISO.)
With more battery power online and the Diablo deal done, Hallie Templeton, the legal director at Friends of the Earth, a participant in the closure deal, considered the issue settled. The possibility of extending the plant’s operations past 2025 “was not even on my radar,” she said.
But others had it on their screens. In 2021, Rothrock, the pro-nuclear venture capitalist, got a call from Armond Cohen, a fellow nuclear advocate and the executive director of Clean Air Task Force, a Boston-based non-profit. He was seeking financing for a study proposed by MIT researchers, who wanted to evaluate keeping Diablo Canyon operating to desalinate vast amounts of water for an often-parched state.
 
Rothrock, in a recent interview, recalled Cohen saying the study could be the jumping-off point for a multimillion-dollar campaign to save the nuclear plant. Rothrock agreed to help fund the study. Though the research would be academically independent, Diablo Canyon supporters believed the plant would prove its worth. 
Ultimately, the pro-Diablo Canyon effort raised about $2.5 million, Cohen said in an interview, much of it from the tech industry, with individual donations of up to about $100,000.
 
A longshot campaign
Early on, Cohen hired Dan Richard, a former senior vice president for public policy and governmental relations at PG&E. Richard, a 75-year-old business consultant, had started in California politics in 1978 as a young aide to Gov. Jerry Brown. He was at PG&E during the 2001 California electricity crisis, when rolling blackouts and soaring wholesale power prices hit the state and temporarily pushed PG&E into bankruptcy proceedings.
For the Diablo Canyon effort, Richard assembled a team of consultants, pollsters and lobbyists. He also reached out to influential people he thought might help.
One was Cal ISO president Elliot Mainzer. “At first he said, ‘Good luck’,” recalled Richard. “But the conversations kept getting longer and longer until we were meeting for breakfast and talking about how to keep Diablo open.” 
 
Left: California Gov. Jerry Brown in 2012 with Dan Richard, then chairman of the California High-Speed Rail Authority. Richard would go on to advocate for Diablo Canyon.(AP Photo/Damian Dovarganes) Right: Richard lobbied California Independent System Operator President Elliot Mainzer, second from left, to keep Diablo Canyon running. (AP Photo/Alberto Mariani)
While Richard never asked Mainzer about possible conversations with Newsom, “I am sure he was engaged with the governor’s office,” he said.
 
In a written response to a question about Richard, Cal ISO said “Mr. Mainzer had conversations with advocates from all sides of the issue.”
Richard also contacted the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, Local 1245, which represents employees at Diablo Canyon and supported Newsom’s 2018 gubernatorial bid, calling him “as good a friend in the political world as 1245 has ever had.” Under the 2016 closure agreement, plant workers had reaped tens of millions of dollars in extra pay to keep them on the job until 2025. 
Another pro-Diablo Canyon activist was Isabelle Boemeke, a Brazilian fashion model turned nuclear power proponent with the online persona “Isodope.” S
 
he shared a “Save Diablo Canyon” video on TikTok, wearing a futuristic outfit: “You’ve learned from my makeup tutorials that it’s not a look without mascara — and that when nuclear plants are shut down, they’re replaced by fossil fuels.” 
Boemeke organized a rally for the plant. Her Save Clean Energy group sent a letter to Newsom signed by former energy secretary Steven Chu and 78 other scientists and academics calling the planned closure “irresponsible” and possibly “catastrophic.”
Boemeke, in an interview with the Chronicle, noted Diablo Canyon’s history as a potent symbol of nuclear power. “If you save the plant it will send such a powerful message that the tides are turning.” Richard said Boemeke was “a very positive factor” in the campaign.  
 
 
Left: Ray Rothrock, venture capitalist and philanthropist, was one of the chief proponents of keeping Diablo Canyon running, helping to fund a study to prove its utility. (Lea Suzuki, S.F. Chronicle) Right: Isabelle Boemeke, a Brazilian model turned pro-nuclear social media influencer, at a photo shoot at Diablo Canyon on Aug. 5, 2025. (Courtesy Of The Isodope Team)
 
The study
The Diablo Canyon study, which was done jointly by faculty from MIT and Stanford, came out in November 2021. As its funders hoped, it said extended operation of the nuclear plant would provide cost-effective, greenhouse gas-free electricity and water desalination as well as produce hydrogen, a zero-carbon fuel. (The desalination and hydrogen ideas have yet to go anywhere.)
The study attracted attention, including a favorable Washington Post editorial. The pro-Diablo Canyon campaign also got an op-ed piece into the L.A. Times by former U.S. energy secretaries Chu and Ernest Moniz. 
 
“We met with the governor’s office, legislators, unions, local tribes. We briefed everyone,” said Jacopo Buongiorno, an MIT professor and a study co-author. Officials in the governor’s office “listened with great interest.”
Then-Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm also weighed in. In an interview with Reuters, she suggested California state officials could reconsider closing Diablo Canyon.
 
Public opinion was behind them — another sign of a cultural shift toward embracing nuclear power after years of skepticism. A poll of Californians commissioned by Richard found 58% favored keeping Diablo Canyon open with 32% opposed. Richard quietly slipped the results to the Newsom camp.
 
In April 2022, Richard received a call from Scott Wetch, the IBEW’s Sacramento lobbyist. Wetch said he had just talked with Ana Matosantos, Newsom’s cabinet secretary. She felt the state couldn’t do without Diablo Canyon.
“I was dancing a little jig at this point in the call,” Richard recalled. “It was the first indication we might win this thing.”
Wetch said Richard’s recounting of the conversation “sounds accurate.”
Matosantos said she didn’t recall such a conversation with Wetch.
 
Moving the margins
Several days later, Newsom went public. He gave an interview to the L.A. Times in which he first spoke about keeping Diablo Canyon open longer than planned. Newsom said he’d heard from scientists, activists and former U.S. energy secretaries advocating for the nuclear plant.
Next, officials from state energy agencies held a media briefing in response to inquiries from the press. They spoke of potential shortfalls of 1,700 megawatts or possibly more — a stark contrast with the rosier forecasts of a few months earlier.
 
Left: A sign board with workers' signatures is displayed at the Diablo Canyon Power Plant near Avila Beach, Calif., on Thursday, Dec. 4, 2025. Diablo Canyon is California's last nuclear power plant, In 2022, Governor Newsom granted a reprieve to its decommissioning, and now it could remain open well into the future. (Carlos Avila Gonzalez/S.F. Chronicle) Right: FILE - California Gov. Gavin Newsom discusses the effect of the drought on power generation after touring the Edward Hyatt Power Plant at the Oroville Dam, in Oroville, Calif., on April 19, 2022. Owner Pacific Gas & Electric decided six years ago to close the twin-domed Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant by 2025. But Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom, who was involved in the agreement to close the reactors, has prompted PG&E to consider seeking a longer lifespan for the plant. (AP Photo/Rich Pedroncelli, File)
 
Asked recently about the discrepancy, the CEC, in an email, said the newer projections “identified potential shortfalls due to factors not fully captured” in earlier analyses. Those factors included climate-change impacts and delays in getting new renewable resources online.
 
But the darker outlook also highlighted different ways state officials can define a “shortfall.”
In California, the goal is to have no more than one day every 10 years when a power shortage causes blackouts. To meet this 1-in-10 reliability standard, as it’s called, the electric system tries to have enough power to meet expected peak demand and still maintain a “reserve margin” — an extra cushion of supply — to handle unexpected events. In 2022, the California system aimed for a reserve margin of 15%, a common utility industry level.
A May 2022 CEC staff report showed that, in 2026, the first year when Diablo Canyon would be fully closed, the projected reserve margin exceeded 15% every hour of summer peak-demand months. The reserve margin would even meet a higher target of 22.5% — except for several hours each day in September, when it would fall short by 1,700 megawatts.
These relatively few hours each year are at the heart of the reliability concerns and, to a degree, the debate over Diablo Canyon. An extreme heat event, such as the one that prompted the August 2020 blackouts, could require a 22.5% reserve margin, state energy officials say. Such events are expected to occur more frequently with climate change, but still aren’t estimated to occur frequently enough to be part of the official reliability planning standards.
Even such concerns for just a relatively few hours during high-demand months was apparently too much risk for Newsom.
 
Left: The Diablo Canyon Power Plant seen in 2015 through a car window. The plant has two Westinghouse-designed 4-loop pressurized-water nuclear reactors operated by Pacific Gas & Electric. (Nancy Pastor for the San Francisco Chronicle) Right: A PG&E power substation in 2020. The power giant owns and operates the Diablo Canyon plant, which can power hundreds of thousands of homes. (Paul Chinn/The Chronicle)
 
‘A very heavy thumb on the scale’
After expressing interest in extending Diablo Canyon’s life, Gov. Newsom helped the plant qualify for inclusion in a $6 billion U.S. Department of Energy fund to support nuclear power facilities. At the time, state officials said they were looking to this federal money to repay the $1.4 billion state advance for Diablo Canyon.
In the last hours of the 2022 legislative session, during another brutal heat wave, the governor pushed through SB 846, the Diablo Canyon extension bill. Though it passed with large majorities, doubts lingered. 
It “remains unclear whether the scenarios shared by the Newsom administration accurately portray future realities,” said one legislative bill analysis, “or are unnecessarily conservative and costly.” 
The law directed the CEC to determine whether Diablo Canyon was needed. In early 2023, the agency issued its answer: No and Yes.
Without the nuclear plant operating past 2025, California “will meet current resource adequacy planning standards from 2024 through 2030,” the report said.
But grid reliability risk remained from supply delays and “climate-driven events,” so it would be “prudent” to keep the nuclear plant operating, the report also said. To reach this conclusion, the CEC report pointed to the 22.5% reserve margin — as well as a 26% margin for an event like a September 2022 heat wave, which produced a record electricity demand, though no blackouts. It estimated that this kind of event could occur once every 14 years, more often than in the past, but still less frequently than the official 1-in-10 reliability target. 
“It becomes very hard to avoid the conclusion that CEC staff put a very heavy thumb on the scale to produce a result desired by the Governor,” wrote Daniel Hirsch, then the president of the nuclear safety nonprofit Committee to Bridge the Gap, which opposed the plant, in a critique of the report.
In an email response to such criticism, the CEC said its work was “based solely on technical reliability analyses — not politics.”
 
Left: Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant protests organized by Abalone Alliance in 1981. The plant has been at the center of many nuclear protests. (Mike Maloney/The Chronicle) Right: Carina Corral, Strategic initiatives manager at the Diablo Canyon Power Plant, stands near the Unit One turbines at the plant. The continued life of the plant is seen as a symbol of the endurance of nuclear power (Carlos Avila Gonzalez/S.F. Chronicle)
These mixed messages have continued. Last year, a CEC official told a legislative hearing that the state was at risk of electricity shortfalls without Diablo Canyon. However, a CEC report a few months later said that, even without the nuclear plant, “the current analysis continues to well exceed reliability targets through the 2020s.” 
A CEC response to questions said the legislative testimony spoke to “potential resource shortfalls in extreme scenarios” while that later report “presented a broader view under typical conditions.”
“Yes, we can meet normal planning standards,” said CEC Vice Chair Siva Gunda in a recent interview. “But those standards do not account for the new climate-driven risks that we’re seeing.”
 
Falling short?
In the past, electricity systems largely relied on fossil fuel or nuclear plants that either ran all the time or could be powered up on short notice. Solar and wind power sources can be more variable depending on weather conditions —- which is why battery storage is important.
“What Diablo does is give you stability of power. That is useful,” said Gunda.
Critics counter that it is also a blunt instrument. Using the inflexible output of a giant nuclear plant to assuage a relatively few hours of worry each year is not only expensive and inessential but tends to crowd out renewable energy sources during periods of lower demand. Further steps to reduce demand, such as giving consumers incentives to shift electricity uses away from those worrisome hours, is a better approach, they contend.
Meanwhile, the state continues to add resources to the grid: over 25,000 megawatts since Newsom took office in 2019, according to the CEC. The CPUC has set the reserve margin for next year at 18%, with the aim of 22.5% during summer months. An August state report showed the grid with a 23.5% reserve margin — without Diablo Canyon. With the nuclear plant, the margin was a little over 28%. 
In a written response to questions, the CEC said there are currently enough resources without Diablo Canyon to handle some extreme weather events but not enough to handle others.
 
 
Birds fly by the harbor at the Diablo Canyon Power Plant near Avila Beach, Calif., on Thursday, Dec. 4, 2025. The plant will stay open until at least 2030, and some suspect it could operate for longer.
Carlos Avila Gonzalez/S.F. Chronicle
As for that nearly $1.4 billion state advance to PG&E, which officials hoped would be repaid by the Energy Department subsidy program, the picture has darkened. 
An August state report said it won’t be known until at least 2027 how much money will come from the federal government. But the current reimbursement forecast was just $741 million, the report said — which could leave the state hundreds of millions of dollars short.
In a statement, state Sen. John Laird, whose district includes Diablo Canyon, said he’d supported extending the plant’s operating life partly on the condition “that federal support would offset the state’s financial commitment.” 
“If that support now falls short, it is deeply concerning” he went on. “We must ensure that Californians aren’t burdened with the consequences.”
PG&E’s cost-benefit analysis to customers of Diablo Canyon, by one measure, has also shifted.
Touting the financial benefits of Diablo Canyon operating to 2030, PG&E said in a March public statement that without the plant, ratepayers’ bills would be $3.2 billion higher. PG&E arrived at the calculation using a CPUC-determined cost number for obtaining alternate power sources to ensure reliability.
However, CPUC recently revised that cost number downward by over 70% — turning $3.2 billion potential net savings into more than $500 million in net costs.
 A PG&E spokesperson said the company didn’t have a comment on the changed number beyond reiterating its belief in “the critical role” Diablo Canyon “plays in the state’s clean energy future.”
 
Beyond 2030
Deep inside Diablo Canyon, the walls begin to shake. Control panels flash and emergency sirens blare out danger.
This is not the plant’s real control room. It is the simulator, or “the sim” — a training center for PG&E workers that was recently visited by the Chronicle.
To PG&E, the sim is part of a comprehensive effort that ensures Diablo Canyon can safely handle any threats from nearby earthquake faults — a position that plant critics continue to dispute. Another, more recent point of contention: critics’ concerns that a crucial part of the unit 1 reactor might be dangerously weakened from decades of radiation exposure.
 
Simulator specialist Brian Sawyer checks a panel at Diablo Canyon, used to train operators on potential problems at the Diablo Canyon Power Plant.
Carlos Avila Gonzalez/S.F. Chronicle
Some observers believe an effort is coming to extend Diablo Canyon’s life past 2030. PG&E has requested new federal licenses that would allow the plant to operate until 2045. “Looking beyond 2030, (Diablo Canyon’s) output could help address the growing electricity demand across the state,” said a company statement to the Chronicle. Proponents often cite the growing demands from AI data centers. 
PG&E also sent a CPUC document, dated Sept. 30, with charts showing that if Diablo Canyon ran to 2045 it could save ratepayers billions of dollars by lessening the need to build new power sources.
In a written reply to questions, a CPUC spokesperson said its extended recent look at Diablo Canyon was “informational-only” and wasn’t “a policy recommendation or preferred outcome.” 
“From what I have seen, PG&E would really like to extend Diablo Canyon past 2030,” said Laird in a recent interview.  However, “the jury is still out on a number of issues that need to be analyzed before addressing such a consideration.”  
 
PG&E resolved one potential issue last week The state Coastal Commission had previously held up its approval for the plant’s plans over a dispute about what steps PG&E needed to take to compensate for damage to local marine life from the plant’s use of seawater. But on Thursday, it gave its approval for Diablo Canyon to continue operating until at least 2030. 
Asked about the prospect of the plant staying open a good deal longer, the Newsom spokesman said, “we remain focused on keeping the option of extension until 2030.”

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